描述
一、产品定位与核心价值
中端励磁控制板定位：
UNS0868B-P是UNITROL 6000系列的经济型（ECO）版本，适用于额定功率1MW-50MW的同步发电机，满足中小型发电站对励磁控制精度、系统可靠性和成本效益的综合需求。
与上一代UNITROL 5000系列相比，UNS0868B-P的硬件集成度提升50%（单板集成CPU、测量、控制、通信模块），体积缩小30%（2U机架式vs 3U机架式），但核心功能（励磁控制、电压调节、保护逻辑）完全保留，且功耗降低20%（<40W vs<50W）。
与同系列UNS0871A-P（标准版）相比，UNS0868B-P取消了冗余CPU模块和部分高级通信接口（如Modbus TCP/IP），但关键测量通道（电压、电流）仍采用双冗余设计，确保高可靠性，同时成本降低约15%，适合预算有限的项目。
核心价值：
精准励磁控制：通过高精度测量和自适应控制算法，实现励磁电流的快速、稳定调节，确保发电机端电压稳定在额定值（±0.5%UN），减少电压波动对电网和用电设备的影响。
增强系统可靠性：采用双通道冗余设计（测量、控制、通信），支持无扰切换（<10ms），避免单点故障导致的励磁失控；内置自诊断功能，可实时监测硬件状态、传感器信号、通信链路，提前预警潜在故障。
降低运维成本：支持远程参数配置和故障记录下载，减少现场调试时间；模块化设计允许在线更换故障部件（如电源模块、I/O板），缩短停机时间。
二、核心功能与特性
1.励磁控制能力
励磁方式支持：
自并励（SE）：通过可控硅整流桥将发电机端电压转换为直流励磁电流，适用于水轮发电机、柴油发电机等低转速机组。
他励（AE）：通过外部直流电源（如电池组、整流变压器）提供励磁电流，适用于汽轮发电机等高转速机组或需要独立励磁的场景。
励磁电流调节：
测量精度：采用16位A/D转换器，采样频率10kHz，可精确测量励磁电压（0-500V）和励磁电流（0-2000A），测量误差<±0.2%FS。
控制算法：内置自适应PID算法，可根据发电机负载变化自动调整比例（P）、积分（I）、微分（D）参数，确保励磁电流稳定（动态响应时间<30ms，超调量<1.5%）。
最小励磁限制：支持设定最小励磁电流（如10%IN），防止发电机失磁，保护转子绕组。
2.电压调节与保护功能
电压调节：
测量通道：支持双冗余电压测量（主/备通道独立采样），测量范围0-150%UN，测量精度<±0.1%FS。
调节模式：支持恒电压调节（AVR）、恒功率因数调节（PFR）和恒无功功率调节（QFR），可根据电网需求灵活切换。
动态响应：在负载突变（如50%额定负载跳变）时，电压恢复时间<100ms，超调量<2%。
保护功能：
过励磁保护：当励磁电流超过设定值（如120%IN）持续10s时，自动降低励磁电流并触发报警；若持续30s，则跳闸停机。
欠励磁保护：当励磁电流低于设定值（如8%IN）时，自动增加励磁电流并触发报警；若持续5s，则跳闸停机。
PT断线保护：当电压互感器（PT）断线时，自动切换至备用PT或闭锁电压调节功能，防止误调节。
3.通信与接口
标准接口：
模拟量输入：4路0-10V/4-20mA输入，用于外部信号接入（如功率因数设定值、无功功率设定值）。
模拟量输出：2路0-10V/4-20mA输出，用于励磁电流/电压监测或连接外部仪表。
数字量输入：8路干接点输入，用于启动/停止信号、保护复位、模式切换等。
数字量输出：4路继电器输出，用于报警信号、跳闸信号等。
通信协议：
Modbus RTU：通过RS485接口实现与上位机（如DCS、SCADA）的通信，支持参数读取、控制指令下发、故障记录上传。
IEC 61850（可选）：支持GOOSE、MMS协议，适用于智能变电站或需要高速通信的场景。
1.Product Positioning and Core Value
Mid-end excitation control board positioning:
UNS0868B-P is the economical(ECO)version of the UNITROL 6000 series,suitable for synchronous generators with a rated power of 1MW-50MW,meeting the comprehensive needs of excitation control accuracy,system reliability and cost-effectiveness for small and medium-sized power plants.
Compared with the previous generation UNITROL 5000 series,the hardware integration of the UNS0868B-P is 50%higher(single-board integrated CPU,measurement,control,and communication modules),and the volume is reduced by 30%(2U rack vs 3U rack),but the core functions(excitation control,voltage regulation,protection logic)are completely retained and power consumption is reduced by 20%(<40W vs<50W).
Compared with the same series UNS0871A-P(standard version),UNS0868B-P eliminates redundant CPU modules and some advanced communication interfaces(such as Modbus TCP/IP),but the critical measurement channels(voltage,current)still adopt a dual redundant design to ensure high reliability while reducing costs by about 15%,making it suitable for projects with limited budgets.
Core Values:
Precise excitation control:Through high-precision measurement and adaptive control algorithms,the excitation current is achieved quickly and stably adjusted,ensuring that the generator terminal voltage is stable at the rated value(±0.5%UN),and reducing the impact of voltage fluctuations on the power grid and power consumption equipment.
Enhanced system reliability:adopts a dual-channel redundant design(measurement,control,communication),supports interference-free switching(<10ms),avoiding excitation loss caused by single point of failure;built-in self-diagnosis function,which can monitor hardware status,sensor signals,and communication links in real time,and warning of potential faults in advance.
Reduce operation and maintenance costs:Support remote parameter configuration and fault record download,reducing on-site debugging time;modular design allows online replacement of faulty components(such as power modules,I/O boards)to shorten downtime.
2.Core functions and characteristics
1.Excitation control capability
Excitation mode supports:
Self-convex excitation(SE):converts the generator terminal voltage into DC excitation current through a thyristor rectifier bridge,suitable for low-speed units such as water turbine generators and diesel generators.
Excitation(AE):Provides excitation current through an external DC power supply(such as battery packs,rectifier transformers),suitable for high-speed units such as steam turbine generators or scenarios where independent excitation is required.
Excitation current regulation:
Measurement accuracy:Using a 16-bit A/D converter,sampling frequency of 10kHz,can accurately measure excitation voltage(0-500V)and excitation current(0-2000A),and the measurement error is<±0.2%FS.
Control algorithm:Built-in adaptive PID algorithm,which can automatically adjust the proportion(P),integral(I),and differential(D)parameters according to the generator load change to ensure the stability of the excitation current(dynamic response time<30ms,overshoot<1.5%).
Minimum excitation limit:Support Setting the minimum excitation current(such as 10%IN)to prevent generator demagnetization and protect rotor windings.
2.Voltage regulation and protection functions
Voltage regulation:
Measurement channel:Supports dual redundant voltage measurement(main/solder channel independent sampling),measuring range 0-150%UN,measurement accuracy<±0.1%FS.
Adjustment mode:Supports constant voltage regulation(AVR),constant power factor regulation(PFR)and constant reactive power regulation(QFR),which can be flexibly switched according to grid requirements.
Dynamic response:When load suddenly changes(such as 50%rated load jump),the voltage recovery time is<100ms and the overshoot is<2%.
Protection function:
Overexcitation protection:When the excitation current exceeds the set value(such as 120%IN)for 10 seconds,the excitation current will be automatically reduced and the alarm will be triggered;if it lasts for 30 seconds,the trip will be stopped.
Underexcitation protection:When the excitation current is lower than the set value(such as 8%IN),the excitation current is automatically increased and the alarm is triggered;if it lasts for 5 seconds,the trip will be stopped.
PT disconnection protection:When the voltage transformer(PT)is disconnected,it automatically switches to the backup PT or lock-off voltage regulation function to prevent incorrect adjustment.
3.Communication and Interface
Standard interface:
Analog input:4 0-10V/4-20mA inputs,used for external signal access(such as power factor setting value,reactive power setting value).
Analog output:2 channels 0-10V/4-20mA outputs,used for excitation current/voltage monitoring or connecting to external instruments.
Digital input:8-channel dry contact input,used for start/stop signal,protection reset,mode switching,etc.
Digital output:4-channel relay output,used for alarm signals,tripping signals,etc.
Communication protocol:
Modbus RTU:Communication with the host computer(such as DCS,SCADA)is realized through the RS485 interface,and supports parameter reading,control command issuance,and fault record upload.
IEC 61850(optional):supports GOOSE and MMS protocols,suitable for smart substations or scenarios where high-speed communication is required.
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